In view of the poor operability and easy error of traditional physical pendulum experimental instruments, a partial improvement has been made by combining microcontroller and sensor technology. The microcontroller is used as the main controller, and the laser sensor collects the number of pendulum swings. The external interrupts and timing counters inside the microcontroller are used to achieve automatic counting and timing functions. At the same time, the experimental data is stored and displayed on the LCD screen, Convenient for experimental data processing. Compared to traditional experimental instruments, it achieves intelligent collection of experimental data, reduces experimental errors, and has good operability.