The classical theory suggests that chromosomes have a quaternary structure, but its theory is more abstract. Based on the morphological characteristics and numerical values of various levels of chromosome structure, common and simple materials such as cotton thread, table tennis balls, iron pipes, and magnets are used for scientific design, and reasonable sizes are selected to proportionally enlarge the various levels of chromosome structure. The model teaching aids produced restore the intuitive and real three-dimensional spatial structure and morphology of chromosome primary and secondary structures. In the actual assembly and disassembly process, students can clearly observe and experience how DNA is coiled and folded, and how chromatin (silk) is entangled, compressed, and condensed to form the primary and secondary structures of chromosomesThus, it brings beneficial assistance to accurately understand the structure of chromosomes.