This paper puts forward the construction idea and design scheme of virtual simulation experiment based on the virtual simulation software platform, taking the correlation and interaction mechanism of ecological factors and landscape elements as the starting point.The experimental teaching steps of site ecological cognition were designed, and the operation process of virtual simulation experiment with rich content was formed.Students carried out virtual simulation experiments on landscape architecture design in the context of real life, and verify the scheme in the experimental teaching of site ecology.The application effect showed that the experimental teaching path and experimental design were helpful to cultivate students " ability of scientific design, train students " ability of research design and students " ability of site cognition and simulation, and achieve good results in the experimental teaching of site ecology.